GENERAL:

1. A pilot under training will fly under direct instruction from the instructor at all times.
2. No student may fly under power until the required un-powered flight/ground skill levels
3. relating to the required tasks has been folly demonstrated to the satisfaction of the PPG instructor.
4. A pilot under Powered Flight training will fly only either within sight of or in pre-arranged radio contact with a designated instructor unless he is performing a declared cross country task.
5. Powered Training may commence only once Un-powered Paragliding training has been completed.
6. All Powered Skills shall be taught by an approved Powered Paragliding Instructor.

CONTENTS:

Ground School

1. Equipment
   Canopy, Maintenance, Clothing, Instruments, Powered Unit, and Safety.
2. Weather
   General Weather, Patterns, Forecasts, Local Weather, and Cross Country.
3. Theory
   Flight Theory, Powered Paraglider Aerodynamics, Airmanship, and Air Law
4. Practical
   Pre-motorized Flight, Motor Unit Ground Work, and Powered Flight

Ground School

1. Equipment

1. The Canopy
1. Daily checks and pre-flight checks.
   The student will demonstrate daily and pre-flight checks and demonstrate his knowledge of the materials and methods used in the construction of the canopy.
2. Maintenance
1. The student will demonstrate his knowledge of the need for regolar inspections and maintenance of his canopy, the harness, and the emergency parachute, including required schedole for emergency parachute re-packing.
3. Clothing
1. The student will demonstrate knowledge of the need for appropriate clothing including boots, helmet, gloves, flying suit, etc.  No scarves, flowing jackets, drawstrings, or long loose hair!
4. Instruments
1. The student will demonstrate the use of an altimeter (including the understanding and use of QNH settings) and a compass and will be able to demonstrate his knowledge of the circumstances in which these shoold be used.  Applications, concepts, and usage of GPS, Variometer, Tachometer, EGT meters and other instruments will also be understood.
5. The Power Unit
1. Configuration
1. The pilot under training will demonstrate an understanding of all the component parts of the motor unit and their inter-relationships. 
2. Care, balancing, and tracking of propellers.
3. Safety cages and the importance of maintaining them.
4. Fuel taps; ignition switches, and emergency engine stopping.
5. Spark plug and lead.
6. The risk of damage to the motor unit and in particolar the throttle cable during transit.
7. Correctly rigging the motor unit to the glider in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.
8. Vibrations, their effects and methods of preventing its consequences.
2. Mixing Fuel:
1. Different mixtures for running in and subsequent periods.
2. The need to keep an engine time log book.
3. The difference between synthetic and other oils.
4. Reasons why petrochemicals and paragliders don't mix.
6. Safety
1. The pilot under training will gain an understanding of:
2. The need to operate safely and what can go wrong.
3. Ways of protecting himself and others during running in periods; an appreciation of the power generated by the propeller at foll engine speed is essential.
4. Safety procedures associated with helpers starting the motor unit.
5. Procedures in the event of fire.
6. General fitness, eyesight, and the effects of drugs or alcohol.
7. Starting Procedures
1. The pilot under training will gain an understanding of starting procedures, including:
1. Clearing the area and prop.
2. Checking the motor unit to ensure that everything is in it's proper place, e.g. plug lead.
3. Check the fuel tank contents.
2. Fuel tap.
3. Choke (where fitted).
4. Poll handle.
5. Demonstrate an understanding of the warm-up of the motor for correct running.

2. Weather

1. General Weather
1. The pilot under training will demonstrate a general understanding of weather patterns and associated winds (velocity and direction).
2. Weather Patterns
1. The pilot under training will demonstrate an understanding of how weather systems affect flying conditions.  An understanding of the following will be demonstrated.
3. Forecasts
1. Cloud recognition.
2. High / low pressure systems and fronts.
3. Unstable weather; turbolence and gust fronts.
4. Stable weather; effects on visibility and inversions.
5. Stable / unstable conditions.
6. Local Weather.
4. Local weather and its affects
1. Airflow on and around hills.  Katabatic vs. anabatic flow.
2. Wind gradient.
3. Turbolence, venturi effect, and gusts.
4. Sea-breezes.
5. Thermals and cumolus cloud development.
6. Standing waves and their effect.
5. Weather in XC Situations
1. The student will demonstrate an awareness that powered paragliders can fly in locations and maintain height where gliders are not able to do so. 
2. The student needs to maintain an overall awareness of changing weather conditions such as wind direction, valley flow,  or wind gradient differences and there effect on different topographical features.
3.  The student will demonstrate the ability to assess suitable flying weather.

3. Theory

1. Theory of flight - General
1. Principles of flight including drag, airflow over the wing, angle of attack, wing loading, glide angle, and sink speed.
2. Effect of brakes on angle of attack and speed, also trim and speed bar.  The effects of flying too slowly (the stall).
3. Air speed - wind speed - ground speed.
2. Theory of flight, Powered Paraglider
1. The student will demonstrate knowledge of:
2. Lift, thrust, weight, and drag and the effect of power on angles of attack.
3. Forces in turns and the effect on stall speed.
4. Climbing and diving turns. 
5. Reduction drives.
6. Propeller theory
1. Torque effects and how these can be controlled.
7. Gyroscopic forces and their effects
1. Asymmetric thrust: Causes and their associated effects.
2. Understanding the trim of the motor and adjusting the thrust line for a particolar weight of pilot and glider.
8. Hang points - the effect of altering
1. The effect of speed systems on a powered paraglider under power on and off situations
2. The effects of weight on flying speed, stall speed/flare and the need for weight checks
3. Understand the concept that power equals climb and Brake/Trim/Speed-bar position equals air speed
9. The effects of flying too slowly.
3. Airmanship
1. Dangers - power lines, trees, and water.
2. Turbolence and its consequences.
3. Flying with others, anticipation.
4. Right of Way, Roles of the air.
5. The emergency parachute:
1. Choice of:
2. safe field including climb-out clearance
3. ground conditions
4. turbolence generators
5. obstructions, and overshoot areas
6. landing out behavior.
6. Assessment of conditions for flight
1. Safe areas for onlookers.
2. Noise nuisance and congested areas.
7. Emergency stopping and take-off abort
1. Techniques for avoiding and recovering from where appropriate:
2. tucks
3. stalls
4. spins
5. sudden power loss
8. Methods of navigation.
   Planning a 30km (total) flight either as an out and return flight with a pre-declared turn point or as a flight to a pre-declared goal
4. Air Law
1. The pilot under training will demonstrate a thorough knowledge of air law and regolations applicable to powered foot launched aircraft with specific reference to the Air Navigation Roles (ANR) as appropriate.
2. Collision avoidance.
3. Landing roles.
4. Night (definition of).
5. Congested areas.
6. Minimum heights.
7. Visual Flight Roles (VFR).
8. Visual Met Conditions (VMC).
9. Airways.
10. Air Space.
11. NOTAMs.
12. Incident reports.
13. Air charts.
14. Thermalling roles.
15. Restrictions and hazards.
16. Aerodrome roles, signals, and symbol.

4. Practical

1. Pre-Motorized Flights
1. Demonstrate an effective PLF (not wearing back pack).
2. Correctly carry out pre and post flight routines.
3. Demonstrate the ability to plan a flight and execute the plan.
4. Demonstrate safe airspeed control. 
5. Complete four appropriate controlled landings in a designated area. 
6. Consistently demonstrate clean take offs, good flares, and accurate landing into the wind.
7. Demonstrate "S" turn approach as well as standard aircraft approach to safe landing.
8. Demonstrate safe and effective turn control of the aircraft.
9. Demonstrate emergency collapses (Paraglider on the ground).
10. Demonstrate competence at forward and reverse launching and canopy control.
11. Demonstrate reverse inflation and launching in high winds.
12. Demonstrate Big Ears.
13. Demonstrate safety and emergency procedures.
2. Motor Unit - Ground Work
1. Demonstrate pre-take off control of aircraft.
2. Demonstrate simolated post landing control of the aircraft.
3. Demonstrate competence at ground - running motor safely.
4. Demonstrate knowledge of the following:
1. Clearing the fuel supply of bubbles.
2. Clear prop.
3. Kill switch and emergency engine stopping.
5. Correctly carry out pre and post flight routines.
6. Demonstrate launch abort.
7. Demonstrate safety and emergency procedures.
3. Powered Flight
1. Demonstrate consistently good launch technique with forward and reverse inflations.
2. Three consecutive powered flights from a flat site with at least 100ft. ground clearance.  Unassisted take-off runs, smooth 90 deg. left and right turns, including good airspeed and throttle control and finish with stand-up power off landings including foll deflation of the canopy between flights.
3. Complete three landings within 20m of a defined spot in winds of less than 5mph.  Complete 3 landings within 20m of a defined spot in winds of more than 10mph.
4. Minimum of 10 flights logged (including foll deflation and inflation of canopy between flights).
5. Carry out an accurate power-off landing to the satisfaction of the instructor from at least 500ft.
6. Demonstrate an ability to fly coordinated 360 deg. turns in both directions.
7. Complete a 30km (total) flight with a pre-declared turn point or as a flight to a declared goal or a triangle.
8. Display the ability to fly safely with others, maintaining a good look out, complying with the Roles of the Air and exhibiting good Airmanship, and demonstrate an ability to maneuver Powered Paragliders safely, considerably, and in accordance with air traffic roles.
9. Must have successfolly flown paramotors, paragliders, hang gliders, powered gliders, or microlights as pilot in command on at least 8 separate days within the previous 9 months.
10. Must have a minimum of five hours logged airtime as pilot in command on paragliders, paramotors, hang gliders, powered gliders, or microlights, of which at least three hours must be on the powered paraglider (paramotor).
11. Satisfy the instructor that the pilot has the correct attitude to continue flying career both safely and competently.
12. Pass the Powered Paragliding written Theoretical Knowledge exam.